Population Spatial Mobility: Monitoring, Methodology of Formation, Features of Regulation

Spatial mobility is a topical concept of analytical migration science, which makes it possible to assess the desires, readiness and capabilities of the population to move over certain distances and time. In the management of spatial mobility assessment requires the organization of systematic monitoring, which includes identifying the mobility potential in spatial and temporal interpretation, the status of its implementation in migration and tourism directions, the causes of displacement with an assessment of the deprivation level, as well as the consequences of displacement, in particular in the context of achieving human development goals and capitalizing on human potential. The quality system of monitoring of population spatial mobility should be the basis for mobility regulation. The formation of such systems should be carried out in several stages: development of unified approach to the formation of accounting and mobility statistics; development of methodology and conducting selective sociological survey on the population spatial mobility with the participation of state statistics authorities and the International Organization for Migration (internal and external mobility); development of a indicators system for the monitoring of population spatial mobility in context of achieving human development goals. One of the main results of the monitoring of population spatial mobility is to find out the main groups of the potentially active population in the coordinates of space and time: internal mobility, including intra-settlement, intra-regional, inter-regional (the main purpose of regulation is the development of transport infrastructure); middle-distance mobility, including cross-border, intra-state (the main purpose of regulation is the effective use of migration capital and tourism costs); long-distance mobility, including continental, remote (the main purpose of regulation is to ensure circulating migration; keeping in touch through the Diaspora Institute). Formation of high-quality system of information support for migration regulation through the monitoring of population spatial mobility will allow to depart from the practice of biased accounting of migration processes with limited and non-systematic presentation of statistics.